【Perez公器私用練英文027】
How Real Madrid changed system to win at Wembley
皇馬如何在溫布利變陣奪冠
原文網址：https://www.coachesvoice.com/cv/2024-champions-league-final-tactics/
時間：2024/06/02
作者：The Coaches' Voice
Real Madrid won a record-extending 15th European Cup with two late goals in a Champions League game that they once again could so easily have lost. Borussia Dortmund were the better team for much of the final, but it was Madrid who took the chances and the trophy at Wembley. Their record in the competition is astounding, with this being their sixth success in just 12 years. Carlo Ancelotti has overseen three of those triumphs, taking his personal European Cup tally to an unmatched seven – including two as head coach of AC Milan, and two as a player with the Italian club.
皇家馬德里透過了兩顆遲來的進球，在一場一度輕易要敗下陣的歐冠比賽，贏得了延續紀錄的第十五座歐冠冠軍。多特蒙德是決賽中大部分時間表現較好的隊伍，但皇馬卻是那支在溫布利把握了機會、掌握了獎杯的隊伍。挾帶著十二年內奪下六冠的氣勢，他們在這個歐冠賽事的紀錄是驚為天人的。卡羅安切洛蒂見證了其中三座獎盃、個人以奪下七座歐冠獎盃—包括了作為AC米蘭教練、球員的各兩座歐冠—無可匹敵。
Dortmund – like Atlético Madrid in 2014 and 2016, and Liverpool in 2022 – will look back and rue wasted opportunities. The German side had been written off by many, given Madrid’s imperious record and their own fifth-place finish in the Bundesliga. Yet they created a number of good chances to take the lead, against disjointed opponents who struggled to get a foothold until well into the second half.
多特蒙德如同2014、16年的馬德里競技或是2022年的利物浦—恐怕要回首懊悔浪費掉的機會。德國球隊是被許多人不看好的一方，因為馬德里橫行的歐冠紀錄與他們自己在德甲只拿下第五名的成績。但他們仍然創造了許多好機會取得了形勢的領先，面對一支下半場才穩住陣腳的鬆散隊伍。
Karim Adeyemi missed two first-half chances for Dortmund, while Niclas Füllkrug hit the post. Ancelotti – who has won two more European Cups than any other manager – knew better than anyone what that could mean. “In football, when you don't take your chances, the risk of conceding or losing the lead is very high,” the Italian master said after the game.
卡林姆阿德耶米上半場錯過了多特兩次好機會，同時費爾克魯格也擊中門柱。比任何一位教練都多贏了兩座歐冠的安切洛蒂，比如任何人都清楚這意味著什麼。「在足球場上，如果你沒能把握機會，被進球或失去領先的風險可是非常高的。」這位義大利大師賽後表示。
Madrid found their spark when it mattered. Dani Carvajal’s headed opener from a Toni Kroos corner seemed to deflate Dortmund as much as it confirmed Madrid’s belief that they would do it again. Nine minutes later, Vinícius Júnior doubled the lead, after Ian Maatsen had needlessly given the ball away to Jude Bellingham. If any confirmation were needed that it was to be Madrid’s night, an 87th-minute Füllkrug header was then ruled out for offside.
馬德里找到了如何打破難題的答案。由東尼克羅斯角球助攻的卡瓦哈爾頭球看來打擊了多特，也更增強了皇馬球員能夠再奪冠一次的眾志成城。九分鐘後，伊恩馬特森毫無意義地把球傳給對手貝林漢姆腳下，使維尼修斯倍增了領先。如果還需要投過任何行為確認那將是馬德里笑到最後的晚上，那得是87分鐘費爾克魯格的頭球越位了。
How the managers saw it 兩隊教練怎麼看
“They played better than us, but they left us with options, with the game even, and in the second half, when we played better and with more balance, we won the game.” said Ancelotti. “Dortmund did very well and we didn’t have balance. We lost the ball in the opposition half and we weren’t well-positioned. We changed the system to 4-3-3 and it worked out better, as did the attitude in the second half. In the dressing room, we were quite calm and we discussed the change of system together. The players agreed to change it and we did.”
「他們比我們打得好些，但他們遺留了幾個機會給我們讓比賽勢均力敵，而當下半場，我們打得好些且更有平衡性，並且贏下了比賽。」安切洛蒂言道：「多特蒙德做得可圈可點，而我們沒辦法取得平衡。我們會在對手半場掉球並且沒能好好佈陣。下半場調整態度與陣形為4-3-3以後，運作的好些了。更衣室裡頭，大家都蠻冷靜地一起討論要怎麼變陣。球員們也同意變陣並且身體力行。」
“It was a game full of mistakes and it’s about how you react to them,” said Edin Terzic. “When you see how we lost the momentum of the game through a set-piece, then this is something we have to learn from. We were always dangerous with the ball, but we couldn’t manage to score and that was why we didn’t win the game.”
埃丁泰爾齊奇表示：「這是場充滿失誤、並且考驗你如何面對失誤的比賽。如果你看到我們是怎麼錯過比賽中唾手可得的瞬間，那這就是我們要去受教學習的部分。持球時候，我們頗有威脅性，但沒辦法轉換為比分是我們沒能贏下這場比賽的緣故。」
Below, our UEFA-licensed coaches highlight the key tactical points from this Champions League final…
以下，我們的歐足聯認證教練，在這場歐冠決賽標註了幾個關鍵的戰略要點......
Starting line-ups 初始陣容
Back-three build-ups 三後衛組織
Real Madrid converted into a 3-5-2 structure in possession, and built with a converted trio of the two centre-backs plus Toni Kroos (below) against Dortmund’s 4-2-3-1 defensive shape. Both Madrid full-backs moved forward, but Dani Carvajal advanced much higher than Ferland Mendy. In midfield, Fede Valverde and Jude Bellingham played as number eights, running forward through the inside channels. In attack, Rodrygo and Vinícius initially started the match as a front-line pairing.
皇馬在控球時會轉變為3-5-2，轉換後的三人組是由兩名中後衛加上東尼克羅斯(下圖)來對抗多特蒙德4-2-3-1的防守陣形。皇馬的邊後衛會向前插上，但卡瓦哈爾會比門迪有著更高的推進性。中場部分，巴爾韋德跟貝林漢姆以扮演雙8號，在邊中路之間的內側走廊衝上衝下；進攻上巴西雙子星是前線連線，在比賽的一開始。
This duo then began to attack from Madrid’s left, attempting to draw out Dortmund’s right side. Terzic’s team soon worked midfield numbers across to block and screen access from left-back Mendy (below). This opened up switches to Madrid’s right, with Kroos often the orchestrator as part of the converted back three. Valverde and Carvajal worked well when play was switched, combining to create on the right. They also dragged Adeyemi back into a defensive role, initially reducing his counter-attacking presence.
雙子星從皇馬左路發起攻擊，傾向去衝擊多特的右路。泰帥的隊伍迅速調整中場人數壓制，橫移去壓制、封鎖左邊衛門迪的進攻路線。這樣的開展，讓進攻局面轉移到了由時常扮演組織者的克羅斯作為被改造過的後防三人組一員的馬德里右路。巴爾韋德跟卡瓦哈爾結合在右路創造的機會，攻勢轉移的時候運作流暢。他們也逼得阿德耶米回到防守位置，在最一開始減少了他反擊的表現。
Dortmund also built with a back-three structure, converting from their 4-3-3. Similar to Kroos, captain Emre Can dropped into the back line to overload Madrid’s front pair (below). Left-back Ian Maatsen inverted into central midfield, joining Marcel Sabitzer in a double pivot that could occupy Madrid’s central midfield. Füllkrug and Julian Brandt – operating as a traditional nine and 10 pairing – then had more room between the lines, threatening up against Madrid’s centre-backs. Right-back Julian Ryerson advanced high where possible, to work around Jadon Sancho.
多特蒙德同樣也是三後衛陣型，從他們的4-3-3陣型改造而來。就像克羅斯，隊長埃姆雷詹落位到後衛線去超載馬德里雙子星。(如下圖)，左後衛馬特森易位到正中場位置，跟薩比策聯手作為雙軸來佔位皇馬的正中場。費爾克魯格跟布朗特—以正統的9、10號位角色運作，在前場與後場之間控制著更多空間—威嚇皇馬的中後衛組合。右後衛雷爾森進可能往前推進，來掩護桑喬。
Although Dortmund had less possession in the first half, they created significant chances. Their penetrative passing during build-up and when counter-attacking, via runs behind the Madrid back line, caused the Spanish champions significant problems. Sancho, Brandt, Füllkrug and Adeyemi all threatened beyond.
雖然多特蒙德上半場的控球率較低，他們創造了幾次重大的機會，他們在組織與反擊時帶有滲透性的傳球，與疾馳到皇馬後防線後，鬧得西班牙冠軍球隊幾次重大危機。桑喬、布朗特、費爾克魯格與阿德耶米都極富威脅性。
In the 21st minute, Mats Hummels split Madrid’s block with a superb pass to find Adeyemi (below), who couldn’t finish despite taking the ball around Thibaut Courtois. Füllkrug then hit the inside of the post with another run in behind minutes later, as Madrid clung on in the first period.
第二十一分鐘，胡梅爾斯透過一個絕倫的長傳球割開馬德里的格擋傳給了阿德耶米(下圖)，儘管他把球一路帶到了庫爾圖瓦週遭，但沒辦法完成終結。費爾克魯格在幾分鐘後來了個擊中門框內側的射門，也擊出了馬德里球隊在第一階段的一聲驚魂。
Madrid suffer, then adapt 馬德里受苦，而後應變
Dortmund played the same way as the second half began, with Maatsen inverting as part of a deeper unit of five who covered and protected against any Madrid counter-attacks (below). The Bundesliga side had more possession as they built patiently, with their adapted front line of five pinning Madrid’s back line, and Sancho drifting inside to create space for the overlapping Ryerson. They struggled to break down Madrid’s low block, however, and possibly could have deployed more players forward in this period of dominating the ball.
多特蒙德下半場開局依樣畫葫蘆，伴隨著馬特森退後，轉變為五後防成員之一來覆蓋、保護任何來自馬德里反擊的可能(如下圖)。在他們耐心組織，伴隨著以五人在前場針對性部署應對皇馬的後防線，桑喬會為疊瓦跑動的雷爾森內切創造空間等行為，讓德甲代表有著更多的控球率。然而，他們苦於如何打破皇馬的低位防守，並且在多特宰制控球的時期，更加大力道部署更多球員在前場。
Emerging unscathed, Madrid began to work their way back on to the ball. In possession, Bellingham, Valverde and Eduardo Camavinga operated as a midfield trio, with Kroos dropping into the back line. Carvajal continued to attack much higher than Mendy, but now Ancelotti placed Rodrygo and Vinícius as wingers, attacking from both wide areas against Dortmund’s full-backs (below). They duly showed their 1v1 qualities, gaining territory, winning set-pieces high up the pitch and creating chances.
全身而退之後，馬德里開始構築搶回球權的方法。控球率上，貝林漢姆、巴爾韋德、卡馬文嘉成為中場三人組，克羅斯持續退守在後衛線。卡瓦哈爾持續比門迪更靠前進攻，但安切洛蒂讓羅德里哥跟維尼修斯回到邊鋒位，從兩側邊路發起攻擊對抗多特蒙得的邊後衛(如下圖)。他們盡忠職守的表現了一對一的能力、攻城掠地、在球場的贏得定位球並創造機會。
This ultimately turned the game in Madrid’s favour. Once they got their nose in front from Carvajal’s opener, the tide well and truly turned. For Dortmund, it was a second Champions League final defeat at Wembley, following their 2013 loss to Bayern Munich. For Real Madrid, they can now add England to the long list of countries in which they have claimed club football’s most illustrious prize.
這種比賽末盤的突變是皇馬的拿手好戲。在他們透過卡瓦哈爾的先馳得點取得些微差距(直譯：「一個鼻子的領先」)，局勢真正的、流暢的逆轉了。對於多特蒙德來說，在2013敗給拜仁慕尼黑以後，這是第二個在溫布利的歐冠決賽逆轉了。而對於皇馬來說，他們現在可以把英格蘭加入他們贏得過的俱樂部足球史上最夢幻獎杯的一長串國家清單裡頭了。
延伸閱讀：
【Perez公器私用練英文021】-多特蒙德-埃丁·泰爾齊奇戰術分析
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