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Euro 2024 Tactical Preview: Portugal
2024歐國盃前瞻：葡萄牙UEFA
跟翻譯無關之前自己的序：介紹這個美術風格
原文網址：https://totalfootballanalysis.com/article/uefa-euros-2024-tactical-preview-portugal-analysis-tactics
時間：2024/06
作者：Scott Martin
There’s a new sense of excitement and anticipation for Portugal as they enter the Euros.
葡萄牙挾著煥然一新的期待與衝勁進入歐洲盃。
After Roberto Martínez’s squad enjoyed the best qualification stage in Portugal’s history, winning all 10 matches, there’s a growing sense that this Golden Generation is primed for a special run.
在羅伯特馬丁內斯的隊伍享受著十戰全勝，葡萄牙史上最好的資格賽晉級過程，其中藏著黃金一代邁入巔峰期的潛力所在。
What’s most impressive about the Martínez era Is the paradigm shift away from Fernando Santos’ pragmatism. Portugal has become an attacking juggernaut while maintaining their solidity at the back. This is a team that can put four or five goals past an opponent on any given day and also a side that’s equipped to fend off an opponent’s late advances in a tight game.
而馬丁內斯時代最讓人驚豔的，莫過於成為了將前任主帥費南多桑托斯的實用主義一掃而空的最佳範例。葡萄牙在維持了防守的堅固之餘，還搖身成了攻擊重戰車。這是一個不管何時都能動不動在對手身上進個四五球，也是個在緊繃的比賽中，能把對手賽尾的猛追希望剿滅的球隊。
Could this be the year that the Portuguese Golden Generation takes a step forward and secures a second title in three Euros?
今年有可能是葡萄牙黃金一代邁步向前，三屆歐洲盃二奪冠軍的一年嗎？
This scout report looks at this exceptionally talented team and the approach Martínez has implemented that has led to their success since his hiring. Through a detailed tactical analysis, we’ll look not only at the anticipated squad but also at how Martínez’s tactics will shape Portugal’s run through the tournament.
這份前瞻報告提及這隻天賦超乎期待的隊伍，與馬丁內斯在上任之後培養他們導向戰無不勝的方法。透過這個戰略細節分析，我們會不只看到對陣容的預期，也會看到透過馬丁尼斯的戰略，會如何形塑葡萄牙在這屆大賽的運作方式。
Predicted starting XI預期先發陣容
There may not be a more difficult starting XI to pin down at the tournament. Even the formation, though likely to be a 4-3-3, is up in the air.
大概沒有什麼比定案這一屆先發十一人更困難的事了。即使是純陣形，大概會更傾向4-3-3，但目前也是未定之天的揣測。
Portugal’s a team where the second XI is nearly as strong as the first XI, allowing Martínez to make adjustments based on the projected tactics of the opponent. As he and his staff conduct their opposition analysis, they can identify the opponent’s vulnerabilities and strengths and then pick a starting XI to best exploit the opponent. That’s how strong this Portuguese team is.
本季葡萄牙隊是個先發跟替補幾乎一樣強的陣容，這個情況讓馬丁內斯可以視對手的戰略計畫進行調整。在他與團隊分析對手後，他們可以辨識出對手的軟肋與強項以後，挑選出先發十一人來最強勢的生吞活剝對手。這展現了葡萄牙隊現在的強勢所在。
To give a sense of the squad’s versatility, Cristiano Ronaldo may very well start the game at any three positions up top. Gonçalo Ramos may or may not start any given game. Rafael Leão seems like the closest to a lock of the three, but even here, there’s an opportunity for rotation throughout the tournament.
可以這樣想像看看他們的「多樣性」：C羅可以在比賽先發的三個位置(左右邊鋒/中鋒)表現極佳；G拉莫斯的出賽與否則是一步活棋。拉斐爾萊奧似乎鎖住了先發三人之一的位置，但即便如此，在這屆大賽仍有輪換調整的可能。
When Leão and Ronaldo are on the pitch together, expect the AC Milan man to start on the left, shifting Ronaldo either to the #9, likely with Bernardo Silva on the right, or Ronaldo on the right with Ramos or João Félix centrally. Whatever starting group Martínez runs with, expect a very fluid approach with Leão wide on the left as the only fixed positional role.
當萊奧跟C羅同時出現在場上，可以預期AC米蘭球員(萊奧)會從左側出發，C羅轉戰9號位，並且讓B席站在右翼，或是C羅在右側，拉莫斯與菲力克斯在中間打雙中鋒。無論馬丁內斯打算打什麼樣的陣形，可以期待萊奧作為唯一適合左邊路的球員，會有一套流暢的戰法。
In midfield, we’ve already talked about how Bernardo Silva could end up at right wing. That opens up the door for Bruno Fernandes to play as more of a #10 with two ball-winners underneath him. João Palhinha figures to be a regular presence, offering the defensive muscle that gives the players in front of him more freedom to commit themselves up the pitch.
中場部分，我們先前已經提到B席可能被提位至右翼。這意味著為B費開了一扇有兩位擅長搶球的中場為其撐腰打十號位。若奧帕里尼亞會被尋求作為常規先發，提供了防守端肉搏戰的根本，給予在他前面的球員們更多能提位的自由度。
That third midfield role is the biggest question mark. We could see Silva drop into midfield, Otávio can operate as more of an #8, the youngster João Neves could see minutes, or even Ruben Neves could give Portugal more of a double pivot. Martínez has plenty of options, and they’re very good ones. It’s certainly a case where he can mix and match to fit the personnel specifically to the opponent they’re facing or the game state.
第三個中場位置就是最大的謎題。我們可能會看到B席落位中場、奧塔維歐打八號位、若奧內維斯這個新生代佔有一定時間，或是魯本內維斯給予葡萄牙更多雙軸的運作方式。馬丁內斯人人是活棋，且人人是好棋。馬丁尼斯可以針對球員們的個人能力，排列、謀合、特化他們在面對對手的應對方式，可是個大題目。
Deeper down the pitch, expect Diogo Costa in goal, Rúben Dias, and likely Pepe centrally, with rotational options available at left and right back. Again, the Spanish manager can rotate players to keep legs fresh throughout the tournament and also assess which qualities are needed relative to a specific matchup.
而更往後看到球場後場，除了迪歐哥柯斯塔在守門，魯本迪亞斯、佩佩二人可能在中衛，還有幾個可用的輪替選項可以作為左右邊衛。一樣啦，西班牙教練可以在大賽過程輪換球員保持球員的健康程度，並可以檢視在與對手的對決時，什麼特質是最在該場比賽被需要的。
Looking at Portugal’s squad profile, this is a team that’s hitting the tournament at just the right time. The majority of the projected group is in their prime, and they’re supported by several highly touted and impactful younger players. The only way to improve this squad is to dial back the ages of Ronaldo and Pepe by a decade.
綜觀葡萄牙隊資料，就是一支衝擊大賽冠軍只是時間問題的隊伍。被徵召的主要成員都在顛峰時期。並且還有多位有衝勁與影響力的年輕選手作為支柱。唯一還能提升這支球隊的方式，大概就是讓C羅重返青春、佩佩年輕十年吧。
Looking at the squad profile, you get a sense of how immensely talented this group of players is. There are so many top-end talents that haven’t even received mention at this point. That squad depth will be key to Portugal’s tournament, allowing Martínez to rotate players and keep the squat’s legs fresh for a deep run.
綜觀全隊數據，你會嗅到這一團的成員天賦有多非凡。有太多天花板很高的球員在內，甚至此時此刻還沒被眾人注意到的球員。這個陣容的深度將是葡萄牙在這屆大賽的關鍵，讓馬丁尼斯在輪換球員與維持球員健康度以利於整個系列賽的長期抗戰有所餘裕。
Attacking phase攻擊端
Looking at Portugal’s in-possession radar, which offers an analysis of their past calendar year, it’s clear to see that this is a potent squad with few, if any, weaknesses in possession. It’s a team that has found an effective approach to its attacking tactics and will be difficult to keep off the scoresheet.
觀察葡萄牙從去年表現分析出的控球雷達圖，清晰這是個幾乎在控球上沒有弱點的球隊，若有，那也是極少。這會是一支找到進攻戰術的有效方式，讓敵隊難以清零計分板的球隊。
What makes this side’s attacking approach so special?
是什麼，讓球隊的進攻手段與眾不同？
Let’s start at the back. We’ve mentioned that the forward line can play a very fluid style. There is some fluidity during the build-out as well.
這得從後端開始講起，球隊鋒線我們注意到可以有非常多變的打法，這也同樣帶來了組織出球時流水般的可變性。
Paulina takes that deepest role in midfield and remains a tight connection with his centrebacks. That allows the two central defenders to dribble into midfield and draw the opposition higher up the pitch. As they look to engage the next line, the #6 will swap rolls with them. Danilo is another player we haven’t mentioned at this point. One of his greatest strengths is his ability to play either the #6 or centreback. Regardless of which player is on the pitch, these dynamic positional rotations will be in place within Portugal’s build-out tactics.
帕里尼亞會在中場角色落位最深，跟中後衛們維持緊密的連結。這讓兩個中後衛可以盤帶入中場，在球場上提位壓迫對手。而當他們開始插上中場線時，6號球員會跟他們換位。達尼洛是另外一位我們還沒提到的球員，他的強項之一是他在六號位跟中後衛的變位能力。無論是在球場上的哪個球員，這些極具爆發力的位置換位，將會在葡萄牙的組織戰術有一席之地。
Once Portugal gets into the middle third, they’ll push numbers high up the field. Once possession is secured, they’ll shift to more direct attacks. There’s a clear change in tempo from quick, short passes along the back that are designed to pull the opposition forward to attacking a team that has become unbalanced along the vertical axis.
一旦葡萄牙攻勢前進到中間三分之一區，他們會加強向前壓迫的人數。當確保己方控球後，他們會轉而更直接地發動攻擊。控球節奏會有個清晰的轉換，從意欲將對手向前拉動的後場快速短傳，轉變為攻擊對手球隊造成垂直軸線不平衡的球隊。
That’s precisely what we have in the image below. As Bosnia and Herzegovina steps forward, Portugal uses movement along the top line to create space to play into a runner moving behind the backline.
我們可以從下圖為例，趁著波赫(波士尼亞赫塞哥維納)向前趨近，葡萄牙就透過鋒線向前跑動，為後面跟上跑動的球員創造空間。
One really interesting point about this Portuguese team is that, while they can play the long diagonals to break the press, there’s also an emphasis on balls played forward within the same channel or just into the neighbouring vertical channel.
一個關於葡萄牙國家隊的有趣事實是，他們可以分邊轉移來打破壓迫，但也強調將球在同條走廊往前送，或是就傳進相鄰的走廊。(Perez譯註：可以從左邊路直接轉移傳到右路，或是直接從左邊路或左路直線進攻。)
That’s a difficult ball to play, but between the two images featuring those more direct passes, it’s clear they have the talent to play an effective, well-weighted, straight pass behind the backline.
這是個比較很難處理的球，但由這兩張(下圖與上上張圖)更直接傳球的圖片顯示，他們有著打效率、高品質的後場長傳的天賦是清晰可見的。
When Portugal does enter the final third and is looking for a crossing situation or that final ball into the box, this is where their versatility takes the spotlight. When they have lined up with Ronaldo, Ramos and Leão up top, it’s common to see Ronaldo take a more central position while the right-back provides width. Portugal’s central numbers are exceptional at stretching the backline to create space between the opposition lines, as well as provide anywhere from three to five players in the box to attack the final ball.
而當葡萄牙到了進攻三區，尋求過人時機或是禁區射門時機，這時重點將會聚焦在他們表現的多樣性。當鋒線是由C羅、G拉莫斯、萊奧頂上時，在右邊衛護住邊路的情況下，C羅會扮演更靠中的角色是司空見慣的事。葡萄牙中鋒球員們很擅長拉扯對手後衛線，來創造敵隊軸線之間的空間，同時提供3~5名球員進入對手禁區來完成最終射門。
In our final image in this attacking tactic section, the lines indicate where Portugal’s forwards are, with Ronaldo playing a nominal right-forward role.
在我們進攻戰術篇章的最後一張照片，這條連線描繪了葡萄牙鋒線的位置，C羅名義上打的是右前鋒的角色。
Ultimately, when Portugal enters the final third, they will get numbers high and central to give them the best chance of meeting a ball in the box. They’ll also layer in the runs, moving off of each other to find gaps in the opposition’s defence. Given the wide array of playmakers sending that final pass, opponents will be hard-pressed to limit A Seleção’s quality opportunities to goal.
最後，當葡萄牙進入進攻三區，他們會灌入更多人往中路、高位逼近，去拿到讓球進禁區的最佳機會。他們也能層疊推進，互相跑位換位找到對手防禦的漏洞。鑑於球隊能送出最後一傳的組織核心兵多將廣，對手將很難限制國家隊球員射門得分的好機會。
Defensive phase防守端
The prolific attack is reasoning enough for optimism and enthusiasm in the Portuguese camp. Their defensive capabilities are the icing on the cake. This team will not only be fun to watch in possession, but they’ll be tough for opponents to break down as well.
豐碩的攻擊手讓葡萄牙訓練營有底氣保持正向樂觀，防守能力更為葡萄牙錦上添花(直譯「蛋糕上加上的糖霜」)。這支球隊不只在控球的時候很具可看性，也等同於對手要擊垮他們防線的困難度。
Researching for this article and generally following Portugal through the qualification campaign, one thing that’s clear is the buy-in Martínez has from the squad. Even the playmakers and top-end talent up top work hard in transitional moments and buy into the team’s pressing tactics.
對此主題研究後，與觀察葡萄牙在資格賽期間，可以清楚觀察到馬丁內斯深被球隊信任。就算是組織核心與頂級天賦，也都在攻守轉換的時刻齊心協力，並且信任團隊的壓迫戰術。
To start, a general principle of Portugal’s press is that they want the opponent’s deepest players to take the initiative in the build-out. They won’t necessarily chase goalkeepers or centrebacks to accelerate the opposition’s attacking tempo. Instead, they’ll let the deepest players get on the ball, forcing them to engage.
首先，葡萄牙壓迫時鐵打不動的原則，是他們意圖使對手陣形最靠後的球員在組織出球時拿到主動權。他們不會把追著守門員或中後衛來克制對手攻擊的節奏，取而代之的是他們會讓最靠後的球員拿球，迫使他們參與其中。
In our first image, we see a man-oriented zone with tight marking on the players nearest the ball. When the goalkeeper is standing on the ball, if Portugal sees an instance where he has to take an additional touch before playing, at that point, they’ll transition from press to pressure. There has to be a clear trigger for the Portuguese to move from either a mid-block or 3/4 press into a high press.
從第一張圖，可以看到一個區域盯人的戰術，伴隨著對最接近球的球員的特別關照。當守門員持球時，如果葡萄牙球員看到他有需要在發起動作時多做出觸球，那個當下，他們就會從盯人轉變成實質發動迫搶。會有一個清楚的觸發點，葡萄牙隊才會從中場防守或3/4區域盯人變成高位防守。
While the defensive tactics will typically look like a mid-block or 3/4 press, a better analysis is to say that Portugal will prioritise numbers behind the ball and adapt the way they engage based on the location of the ball and the identified moments to transition from press to pressure.
防守戰術上，會看起來很像典型的中場防守或3/4壓迫，更好的說法是，葡萄牙會在球的後方強化人數優勢，並且基於球的位置調整站位，並且伺機而動，等待該從盯人變成迫搶瞬間的時機來到。
Transitions 攻守轉換
As good as Portugal is with structured attacks, including their ability to generate artificial transitions, their counterattacking could be one of the highlights of the tournament. They find the right balance of getting numbers forward, engaging the opposition’s backline, and not overextending themselves, which makes them defensively susceptible. With all the star power at the top of the formation, there’s an element of trust that the players who get forward can get the job done.
跟葡萄牙富有結構性的攻擊一樣優秀的——這包括在他們人為製造轉換的能力——他們的反擊能力也是這場大賽一等一的關注點。他們會找到前場人數的完美平衡來碰撞對手的防線，也不過度深入敵營，避免防守的陣型容易受到影響。在眾星狀態都在能力高點的情況，「在前場的球員們能把這個任務做好」這樣的信念，全隊彼此信任的基石。
Taking a look at a transitional moment from the critical qualifier in Bosnia, we can see that Portugal’s defending shape left only Ronaldo in front of the ball but clearly connected to the press and took away negative options. When the pass was misplaced, Leão, who was the left forward in this match, recovered the ball in Portugal’s right half-space and started the counterattack.
來看看那場打波赫的關鍵資格賽的轉換時刻，我們可以看到葡萄牙在防守時，只留下C羅一人在球的前方，但可以清楚看到全隊緊迫盯人，消除他們回傳的可能。而當傳球發生失誤的時候，作為左前鋒的萊奧就在葡萄牙的右側將球反搶回來，展開一波反擊。
Forwards 前場
Midfielders中場
Defenders 後防
Key player關鍵球員
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